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An earthquake occurs due to underground activity such as the movement of tectonic plates. The location where the earthquake starts is called hypocenter (or focus). The location above it is called epicentre. The epicentre is the point on the surface where the earthquake is the strongest.
The Richter scale is the system of measurement of earthquakes. The largest earthquake in history occurred in Chile in 1960 (9.5). The second most powerful earthquake in history occurred in 2004 in the Indian Ocean. Although the earthquake itself caused little damage, the tsunami that happened after it did much harm and killed thousands of people. An earthquake of less than 2.0 on the Richter scale is known as a microearthquake and is not felt. There are approximately 8,000 microearthquakes every day!
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