Символом міста Києва вже давно вваж

Символом міста Києва вже давно вважається Хрещатик. Таке враження, що Київ завжди розвивався та існував завдяки Хрещатику. До речі, варто відзначити, що Хрещатик став головною вулицею міста всього лише сто-сто п’ятдесят років тому.
Раніше тут були непрохідні хащі, «хрещатий яр», по якому протікала ліва притока річки Либеді — річечка Хрещатик. У часи Київської Русі мисливці розставляли в цих місцях сіткий капкани на звірів.
За документами XVI-XVII ця місцевість відома як Евсейкова долина, а по документах XVIII століття — за назвою Піски. З озера, що знаходилось на сучасному майдані Незалежності, витікав струмок і в районі вулиці Басейної впадав у річку Клов. Уздовж струмка проходила дорога на Васильків.
Забудова вулиці почалася наприкінці XVIII століття від урочища Хрещатик. Перші будівлі були дерев’яними, а першим кам’яним будинком був маєток пана Головінського (побудованийнаприкінці XVIII століття).
Улица Крещатик
Саме ж формування вулиці Хрещатик почалося в 30-40-х роках XIX століття. У 70-80-х роках того ж століття тут почали будувати, в основному, триповерхові будинки з магазинами і приміщеннями для контор і банків. З цього часу Хрещатик набуває статусу головної вулиці міста Києва. Його продовжили до Бессарабської площі. Довжина вулиці досягла 1 200 метрів.
До 1869 року головна вулиця Києва звалася Хрещатицькою, а потім була перейменована в Хрещатик. Аж до Великої Вітчизняної війни Хрещатик був забудований 3-4-поверховими будинками, а його ширина була приблизно 35 метрів.
Улица Крещатик
У 1851 році на Хрещатику побудували перший великий кам’яний будинок для дворянського губернського зібрання. Автором проекту був архітектор О. В. Беретті. За проектом цього ж архітектора в 1838–1942 рр. було споруджено будинок Інституту шляхетних дівчат. У той час торгова і промислова життя Києва була зосереджена на Подолі. У міру того, як розростався і забудовувався Хрещатик, він переймає в Подолу естафету й стає центром ділового життя міста.
Улица Крещатик
До кінця 19 століття Хрещатик представляв із себе повністю забудовану вулицю. Тут було безліч магазинів, банків, різноманітних контор. У 1892 році по Хрещатику була прокладена перша в Російській імперії лінія електричного трамвая, що з’єднує Хрещатик з Подолом.
Улица Крещатик
Улица Крещатик
На початку 20 століття на розі Хрещатика і вул. Прорізної за проектом відомого архітектора В. Городецького був побудований Будинок Російського страхового товариства, в 1914 р. за проектом П. С. Андрєєва був побудований Пасаж, що складається з двох паралельних корпусів, з’єднаних воротами, які утворювали проїзд.
Улица Крещатик
Будівля Пасажу було зруйновано під час Другої світової війни, а в післявоєнні роки його реконструювали. Приблизно в цей же час будуються будинки, які й на сьогодні є пам’ятками Києва — Бессарабський критий ринок і будівля Купецького зібрання (Національна філармонія України).
Вже на початку 20 століття будинки на Хрещатику мали водопровід, каналізаційну систему, газ та електрику. У радянські часи активніше всього реконструювався і впорядковувався Хрещатик у період з 1936–1941 рр.
За цей відрізок часу трамвайні рейки прибрали, проїжджу частину заасфальтували, а по Хрещатику пустили більш сучасний вид транспорту — тролейбус. По обидві сторони вулиці висадили дерева та встановили ліхтарі. У нижніх поверхах будинків, як правило, розміщувалися магазини — їх приміщення були повністю реконструйовані й відремонтовані.
Саме тоді на Хрещатику з’явився Центральний універмаг. В результаті цих робіт, Хрещатик перетворився в кращу вулицю Києва, на якій зосередилися адміністративні установи, найкращі готелі Києва, магазини, театри і кінотеатри.
Улица Крещатик
Найтрагічнішим часом для Хрещатика були роки Великої Вітчизняної Війни, коли вибухають заряди, закладені НКВД. В результаті цих вибухів і пожеж центр Києва вигорів практично повністю.
Улица Крещатик
Відразу ж після звільнення Києва в 1943 році, починаються відновлювальні роботи. У 1948 році починається втілення в життя генерального плану відбудови Хрещатика, який був запропонований групою відомих архітекторів.
Улица Крещатик
При забудові Хрещатика архітектори намагалися виграшно з’єднати особливості архітектурних ансамблів із природним ландшафтом. На місці зруйнованих дореволюційних будинків виросли будинки в стилі «сталінського ампіру», які дуже вдало вписалися в образ нового Хрещатика. Зміні піддалася і головна площа Києва, яка зараз носить назву Майдан Незалежності.
Улица Крещатик
Реконструкція і забудова Хрещатика, з приводу якої існує безліч різних думок, продовжується і сьогодні.
В кінці 90-х років минулого століття було прийнято рішення про перетворення Хрещатика у вихідні та святкові дні в пішохідну зону. У будні дні Хрещатик — це дуже жвава транспортна магістраль, а у вихідні та свята вона надається в повне розпорядження пішоходів. У ці дні кияни та гості міста можуть неквапом прогулюватися по Хрещатику, тут влаштовуються різні змагання, вікторини.
На Хрещатику проходить і пісенний турнір, який транслюється в прямому ефірі, «Караоке на майдані», часто можна почути мелодії у виконанні волинки, кобзи, бандури. У теплу пору року можна відпочити, присівши на одну з лавок, у безлічі розташованих уздовж Хрещатика, в тіні каштанів.

Результаты (английский) 1:

The symbol of the city of Kiev has long been considered Khreshchatyk. It seems that Kyiv always evolved and existed thanks to kreschatik. Incidentally, it is worth noting that Khreschatyk became the main street of the city only hundred-a hundred and fifty years ago.Previously there were impassable thickets, "Grand ravine, which flowed a left tributary of the river Lybid is the river Khreshatik. In the times of Kievan Rus were hunters in these areas sìtkij traps for the beasts.The documents of XVI-XVII this area known as the Evsejkova Valley, and documents of XVIII century is called sands. From the Lake, which was located at the modern independence square, flowing Creek and Basin Street running in the river of clove. Along the Creek was the road to vasylkiv.Building a street began at the end of XVIII century from khreshatik. The first buildings were wooden, and the first stone building was the estate of Mr. Golovinskoe (pobudovanijnaprikìncì XVIII century).Ulitsa KreŝatikExactly the same formation of Khreshatik Street began in 30-40 years of XIX century. In the 70-80-ies of the same century, there began to build, mostly three-storied buildings with shops and facilities for shops and banks. Since that time Kreshatik acquires the status of the main street of Kiev. It continued to the bessarabska square. The length of the street reached the 1 200 meters.The year 1869 main street of Kiev called Khreschatytska, and then was renamed into Kreshatik. Until the great patriotic war Kreshatik was built 3-4-storied houses, and its width was approximately 35 meters.Ulitsa KreŝatikIn 1851, on the built first big stone building for the nobles of the Provincial Assembly. Author of the project was the architect o.v. Beretti. Designed by the same architect in 1838 – 1942. the House was built the Institute for noble maidens. While the trade and industrial life of Kiev was concentrated in Podol. As soon as it grew and was built of Khreschatyk, he takes over the baton to the Hem and becomes the center of the business life of the city.Ulitsa KreŝatikTo the end of the 19th century, Khreshchatyk was represented by a fully built up outside. There were plenty of shops, banks, various shops. In 1892, along Kreshchatik was laid first in Russian Empire line of electric tram, connecting Kreshatik with Hem.Ulitsa KreŝatikUlitsa KreŝatikAt the beginning of the 20th century at the corner of Kreshchatik Street and St. Prorizna Street designed by a famous architect Gorodetsky was built House the Russian insurance company in 1914 by p. s. Andreev's Passage was built, consisting of two parallel buildings, connected by a gate that formed travel.Ulitsa KreŝatikRooms building was destroyed during the second world war and in the postwar years, it was reconstructed. At about this same time, built houses, which today are monuments of Kiev — Bessarabsky covered market and the building of the merchants ' Assembly (the National Philharmonic Society of Ukraine).Already at the beginning of the 20th century buildings on Khreshchatyk had plumbing, sewer system, gas and electricity. In Soviet times, more just was reconstructed and vporâdkovuvavsâ Khreshchatyk in the period from 1936-1941.During this period of time the tram rails were removed, the asphalted road and along Kreshchatik allowed more modern form of transport-trolley. On both sides of the street dropped off trees and lanterns. In the lower floors of buildings are usually housed shops is their premises were reconstructed and renovated.Then on came the Central Department store. As a result of these works, kreshatik turned in the best Kiev Street on which focused administrative institutions, the best hotels, shops, theatres and cinemas.Ulitsa KreŝatikFigures-time for Kreshatik had during the great patriotic war, when the exploding charges laid by the NKVD. As a result of these explosions and fires Kiev Centre burnt out almost completely.Ulitsa KreŝatikImmediately after the liberation of Kiev in 1943, begin restoration work. In 1948 begins implement the General Plan of rebuilding the Downtown, which was proposed by a group of prominent architects.Ulitsa KreŝatikConstructing Downtown architects tried to combine advantageous features of architectural ensembles of the natural landscape. At the place of destroyed pre-revolutionary houses grew up houses in the style of "Stalin Empire style", which are very well blended into the new image. The change was the main square of Kiev, which is now called independence square.Ulitsa KreŝatikReconstruction and building of Khreschatyk, about which there are many different opinions, continues today.At the end of the 90-ies of the last century it was decided to transform Kreshatik in weekends and holidays in the pedestrian area. Weekdays Khreschatyk is a very brisk transportation Highway, and on weekends and holidays it is available in a complete disposition of the pedestrians. In these days of Kiev citizens and visitors can move steadily walk along Kreshchatik, here there are various competitions, quiz.On goes the song of the tournament, which is broadcast live, "karaoke on the Maidan", often one can hear melodies performed by bagpipes, Kobza, BANDURA. In the warmer months, you can relax, prisìvši on one of the benches, many located along Khreshchatyk street, in the shade of chestnut trees.

Результаты (английский) 2:

The symbol of Kyiv has long been considered Khreshchatyk. It seems that Kyiv has always existed and developed through the capital. Incidentally, it is worth noting that became Khreshchatyk main street just a hundred-hundred and fifty years ago.
Previously, there were impenetrable thicket, "cruciform ravine", in which the left tributary flowing river Lybid - creek Khreshchatyk. In times of Kyivan Rus arranged hunters in these parts mesh traps for animals.
According to documents XVI-XVII, this area is known as Evseykova valley, and documents of XVIII century - by name Sands. From the lake, which was located at the present Independence Square creek and came out in the streets fell into the river basin Clove. Along the road to the creek held Vasil'kov.
Building in the street began at the end of the XVIII century tract Khreshchatyk. The first buildings were made ​​of wood, and the first stone manor house was Mr. Golovinskoe (pobudovanyynaprykintsi XVIII century).
Street Kreschatik
The very same street Khreshchatyk started forming in the 30-40-ies of XIX century. In 70-80 years of the century there began to build, mostly three-story buildings with shops and premises for offices and banks. Since then acquires the status of Khreshchatyk main street of Kyiv. He went on to Bessarabia Square. The length of the street reached 1,200 meters.
By 1869 named Kyiv's main street Khreshchatyk, and was renamed the Khreshchatyk. Up until World War II was built Khreshchatyk 3-4-storied buildings, and its width was about 35 meters.
Street Kreschatik
In 1851, at Khreshchatyk built the first large stone house for noble provincial assembly. The designer was the architect OV Beretti. Designed by the same architect in the 1838-1942 biennium. Was built Institute for Noble Maidens. While commercial and industrial life Kyiv focused on the hem. As soon as the Khreshchatyk built and grew, he takes over the baton at the hem and becomes the center of business life of the city.
Street Kreschatik
the end of the 19th century Khreshchatyk represented with a fully built up outside. There were plenty of shops, banks and various offices. In 1892, on Khreshchatyk was laid first in the Russian Empire line electric tram connecting Khreshchatyk with Podil.
Street Kreschatik
Street Kreschatik
In the early 20th century on the corner of Downtown and st. Prorizna by the famous architect Gorodetsky House was built by Russian insurance company, in 1914 the project PS Andreev Passage was built, consisting of two parallel buildings connected by gates that formed fare.
Street Kreschatik
building Passage was destroyed during the Second World War, and after the war it was reconstructed. Around the same time built homes, which are currently the sights of Kyiv - Bessarabian covered market and the building of the Merchants Assembly (National Philharmonic of Ukraine).
At the beginning of the 20th century buildings on Khreshchatyk had electricity, sewage system, gas and electricity. In Soviet times, all active vporyadkovuvavsya Khreshchatyk and reconstructed between 1936-1941 years.
During this period of time the tram rails were removed, the roadway zaasfaltuvaly, and on Khreshchatyk allowed more modern mode of transport - trolley. On both sides of streets planted trees and installed lights. In the lower floors of the houses are usually housed shops - their rooms were completely renovated and refurbished.
It then appeared on Khreshchatyk Central Department Store. As a result of these works, Khreshchatyk turned into the best street Kyiv, which focused administrative agencies, the best Kyiv hotels, shops, theaters and cinemas.
Street Kreschatik
tragic time for Downtown were the years of World War II, when exploding charges laid by the NKVD. As a result of explosions and fires Kyiv center almost completely burned.
Street Kreschatik
Immediately after the liberation of Kyiv in 1943, beginning the restoration work. In 1948 starts the implementation of the master plan for the reconstruction of Downtown, which was proposed by a group of well-known architects.
Street Kreschatik
When building Downtown architects have tried to combine advantageous features of architectural ensembles of the natural landscape. In place of the destroyed houses increased pre-revolutionary buildings in the style of "Stalinist empire", which is very well fit into the image of the new Downtown. Change of subjected and the main square of Kyiv, which now is called Independence Square.
Street Kreschatik
reconstruction and development of Downtown, about which there are many different opinions, continues today.
In the late 90s of the last century it was decided to transform Downtown weekends and holidays in the pedestrian zone. On weekdays Khreshchatyk - a very busy traffic thoroughfare, and on weekends and holidays is available at the disposal of pedestrians. These days, residents and guests can slowly walk along Khreshchatyk, there are organized various competitions, quizzes.
At Khreshchatyk passes and song competition, which is broadcast live, "Karaoke on the Square", you can often hear melodies performed by bagpipes, kobza, bandura . During the warmer months you can relax, sitting on one of the benches in the set along Khreshchatyk, in the shade of chestnut trees.

Результаты (английский) 3:

Symbol of the city of Kiev have already has long been considered Khreshchatyk. It seems that Kyiv always been developing and existed through Khreshchatyk. By the way, I should admit,What Kreschatik was the main street of the city only service-one hundred fifty years ago.
before there were impassable woodland "Khreshchatyi Yar", on which proceeded left tributary of the river Lybid - a rivulet Khreshchatyk.In the times of Kyiv Rus hunters розставляли in these places сіткий trap nets on animals.
According to documents of XVI-XVII this district is known as Евсейкова valley, and documents 18th century by name Sands. The lakeWhich was on the modern Independence Square, витікав stream and in the streets without a moment's Басейної into the river Клов. Along a stream was driving by Vasilkov.
Street building began at the end of XVIII century from the urochishche Khreshchatyk. The first building were wooden, but the first stone house was Mr. Domaine Головінського (побудованийнаприкінці XVIII century).
Located at Kreshatik Bank
The formation of the street Khreshchatyk began in the 1930-1940s of the 19th century. In 70-80-ies of the same century began to build a mainly storeyed buildings with shops and rooms for offices and banks.Since that time Kreschatik obtained the status of the main street of Kiev. He continued to Bessarabia areas. The length of the street has reached 1 200 meters.
Till 1869 main street of Kiev had buildings appeared,And was renamed into Kreshatik then. Till Great Patriotic War Kreshatik was built up 3-4-floor street, and its width was approximately 35 m.
Located at Kreshatik Bank
In 1851, first big stone building for a family of a provincial meeting. Was the author of the project architect OI Enberg). B. Beretti. Under the project the same architect in 1838-1942.Was built under the project of girls. At that time the trade and industrial life of Kyiv was focused on Podol. As long as the grew and built up,It became the center of the city business life.
Located at Kreshatik Bank
By the end of 19 century Kreshatik was a completely built up street. There was a set of shops, banks, various offices.In 1892 on Kreshchatik was the first in the Russian Empire electric tram line, connecting the Khreshchatyk with Podol.
Located at Kreshatik Bank
Located at Kreshatik Bank
at the beginning of 20th century on the corner of Kreschatik and street.Traffic by a famous architect Gorodetsky House was built Russian insurance companies, in 1914. According to the project. S. Andreyeva Passage, was constructedThe group consists of two parallel cases, connected by gates, which in 1914 passage
Located at Kreshatik Bank
Passage building was destroyed in the Second World War, and during post-war years it was reconstructed.Approximately at this time are building houses, which is currently the monuments of Kiev - Bessarabka area covered market and the building of the Merchants Assembly (National philarmony of Ukraine).
Already in the beginning of 20 century the houses of Kreshatik had a waterpipe, sewer system, gas and electricity. In Soviet times more actively and впорядковувався Khreshchatyk in the period from 1936-1941.
Tram rails removed, traffic area was asphalted, and more modern type of transport - a trolleybus. At both sides of the street planted trees and fitted with lights.Ground floors of the buildings, as a rule, the placement of shops Reconstructed and repaired.
just as on Kreschatike appeared Central Department Store. As a result of these works,Kreshatik turned to best Kiev street, where concentrated administrative agencies, best hotels, shops, theaters and cinemas.
Located at Kreshatik Bank
Eventually Найтрагічнішим for Kreshatik were the years of the Great Patriotic War, when the charges put by NKVD. As a result these explosions and fires Kiev center burned out almost completely.
Located at Kreshatik Bank
Immediately after the liberation of Kiev in 1943, a repair work. In 1948, began the implementation of the general plan of reconstruction of Khreshchatik that was proposed by the famous architects.
At Kreshatik Bank Lenin
Constructing Kreshatik architects tried to connect successfully the features of architectural ensembles with natural landscape.At the place of destroyed pre-revolutionary grown buildings in "Stalin empire style, which successfully entered into new Kreshatik image. ), and the main square of Kiev,Which is now called Maidan Nezalezhnosti Square.
Located at Kreshatik Bank
reconstruction and building of Kreschatik, about which there are many different thoughts, continues today.
In the late 90-ies of the last century it was decided to transform the Kreshchatik during weekends and holidays in pedestrian zone. On weekdays Kreschatik - this is a very lively traffic artery;And on weekends and holidays is provided in of pedestrians. In these days of Kyiv residents and guests of the city can not very quickly stroll along Kreshchatik, are arranged here various sports, quizzes.
On Kreschatike held and Eurovision Song Contest, which is broadcast in the live program, "Karaoke on Maidan", you can often hear melodies performed by bagpipes, kobza, bandura. In frost-free season it is possible to relax,Sitting on one of the benches, in many located along Kreschatik, in the shadow of chestnuts.